Formação do Present Perfect Simple

Usa-se para:

• falar de algo que começou no passado e que, de alguma forma, continua a influenciar o presente;
  Have you seen my French book?
  I've lost my schoolbag.
• descrever uma experiência ou informação recente.
  I've finished my homework.
  Jonh has bought a new laptop.

Forma-se com: have/has + particípio passado.

Com o Present Perfect usam-se as seguintes palavras: ever,never,since,for,just e yet.

Have you ever been to Italy?

I've never been there.

I've lived here since I was four.

I've lived here for a long time.

I've just finished my homework.

I haven't finished my homework yet.

Utiliza-se Have been ou has been quando alguém esteve ausente mas já voltou.
John has been to America.

Utiliza-se have gone ou has gone quando a pessoa ainda não voltou.
John has gone to America.